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MICHAIL MERMIGKISPsychologist

Sleep disorders

Sleep-onset insomnia

The most common form of insomnia, and the one most directly tied to hyperarousal: the body is tired, but the mind refuses to slow down at precisely the moment you need it to.

What it is

It is defined as a consistent delay in sleep onset beyond 20–30 minutes, after you have gone to bed intending to sleep and in conditions that allow it.

In most cases this is not a lack of tiredness but hyperarousal: the alerting system stays switched on when it should be winding down. Waiting for sleep becomes a source of tension in itself.

A hallmark is the «second wind»: you doze off on the sofa, you go to bed, and the sleepiness vanishes. That is no coincidence — it is a learned association between the bed and being awake.

How it shows up

  • More than 20–30 minutes to fall asleep, most nights
  • Thoughts that start racing the moment the light goes off
  • Sleepiness before bed that disappears once you lie down
  • Clock-watching and counting the hours you have left
  • Anxiety about the night that begins as early as the afternoon

How it is treated

  1. 01

    Stimulus control: the bed is reconnected with sleep and nothing else. You go to bed only when genuinely sleepy, and if sleep does not come, you get up.

  2. 02

    Sleep restriction, so that homeostatic sleep pressure rises and sleepiness appears where it should.

  3. 03

    Arousal-reduction techniques and a structured «worry time» earlier in the day, so thoughts are not carried to bed.

  4. 04

    Cognitive work on effort: the harder you try to sleep, the more awake you become. Letting go of the effort is itself therapeutic.

Let's find out whether this is what is happening to you.